Uterine fibroids: Indications for surgery

13/02/2023 02:51

Uterine fibroids are often discovered during routine medical check-ups. Patients can also self-examine and detect uterine fibroids when lying on their back, palpate the tumor emerging under the skin of the abdomen, if it is lightly pressed, it will feel pain to prevent complications and be treated early.

1, What causes uterine fibroids?

Many studies have shown that the cause of uterine fibroids is due to high levels of estrogen in the body and strong activity leading to increased muscle tissue and uterine lining. Therefore, fibroids can shrink and atrophy when a woman has reached menopause.
Some documents suggest that uterine fibroids are related to reproductive health: multiple miscarriages, infertility, infertility, women with few births… are also at risk of causing uterine fibroids. However, the disease still occurs in women who have given birth to many children. In some pregnant cases, uterine fibroids can lead to a number of risks such as abnormal fetal position, premature birth, placenta attached in an abnormal position (placenta previa, placenta previa… ). It can be seen that uterine fibroids affect motherhood, health and quality of life of women.

2, Manifestations of uterine fibroids

Most patients go to the doctor when they find themselves having menstrual disorders, get married but never have children. Or the patient has feelings such as: heaviness in the abdomen, abdominal pain, pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis.
In some other cases, when the tumor forms large, it can press on nearby organs, on the bladder causing frequent urination or urinary retention, on the rectum causing constipation or pain when defecating, on the intestines, stomach leading to digestive disorders.
In case the patient is found to have fibroids during pregnancy, fibroids may cause a number of complications: the tumor will shed the placenta prematurely, causing the fetus to lack blood supply, shifting its position. of the fetus, making it difficult for the mother to give birth naturally but to have a caesarean section. Most cases of uterine fibroids during pregnancy still have normal fetal development. However, tumors will grow faster during pregnancy.

3, When is the patient indicated for surgery for uterine fibroids?

Not all cases of uterine fibroids require surgery. Because, for small, uncomplicated tumors, the patient only needs to go to the doctor once every 3 months. Or you may be prescribed medication to help regulate the menstrual cycle. The goal of using drugs is not to completely get rid of the fibroids, but the substances contained in the medicine will help shrink the fibroids.
Treatment with surgical methods is considered as a radical treatment, especially in the following cases:
The patient has menstrual disorders, menorrhagia, heavy bleeding, and hypermenorrhoea causing anemia, muscle the body was thin, pale and medical treatment was no longer effective After some tests, the doctor found a fibroid with a peduncle or a twisted stalk Noticed the tumor was growing abnormally fast and suspected it was cancer Uterine fibroids develop after menopause. Large uterine fibroids compress, causing uterine malformations or hindering the ability to get pregnant (causing miscarriage, premature birth, fetal malformation). Large tumor compresses other organs, causing patients to urinate or defecate a lot because fibroids press on the bladder, ureters or intestines Large fibroids are equivalent to a uterus about 12 weeks pregnant. Submucosal fibroids or within the broad ligament When cancer is suspected.

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